Table 2 Comparison between respiratory support and adjunctive therapies in pre-COVID and post-COVID groups
Characteristic | N | Pre-COVID, N = 451 | Post-COVID, N = 251 | Overall, N = 702 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HFNC | 702 | 222 (49%) | 134 (53%) | 356 (51%) | 0.360 |
NIV | 702 | 320 (71%) | 174 (69%) | 494 (70%) | 0.672 |
IMV | 702 | 78 (17%) | 38 (15%) | 116 (17%) | 0.626 |
NIV ventilation modes: | |||||
PSV/BiPAP | 469 | 73 (26%) | 101 (55%) | 174 (37%) | < 0.001 |
CPAP | 469 | 126 (44%) | 56 (31%) | 182 (39%) | 0.012 |
A-PCV | 469 | 85 (30%) | 26 (14%) | 111 (24%) | < 0.001 |
NIV interfaces: | |||||
Nasal mask | 702 | 70 (16%) | 86 (34%) | 156 (22%) | < 0.001 |
Facial mask | 702 | 18 (4.0%) | 3 (1.2%) | 21 (3.0%) | 0.086 |
Nasal prongs | 702 | 224 (50%) | 84 (33%) | 308 (44%) | < 0.001 |
Helmet | 702 | 47 (10%) | 33 (13%) | 80 (11%) | 0.360 |
Full face | 702 | 33 (7.3%) | 7 (2.8%) | 40 (5.7%) | 0.031 |
NIV complications | 297 | 1 (0.9%) | 1 (0.5%) | 2 (0.7%) | 0.999 |
NIV failure | 534 | 31 (8.8%) | 11 (6%) | 42 (7.9%) | 0.400 |
Chest tube positioning | 702 | 4 (0.9%) | 2 (0.8%) | 6 (0.9%) | 0.999 |
HFOV | 116 | 8 (10%) | 1 (2.6%) | 9 (7.8%) | 0.360 |
NMB | 115 | 24 (31%) | 13 (35%) | 37 (32%) | 0.672 |
Surfactant | 117 | 10 (13%) | 2 (5.1%) | 12 (10%) | 0.400 |
Extubation failure | 116 | 4 (3%) | 2 (2%) | 6 (5%) | 0.999 |
NIV length (d), median(IQR) | 567 | 3.00 (2.00, 5.00) | 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) | 3.00 (2.00, 5.00) | 0.360 |
IMV length (d), median(IQR) | 115 | 11 (7, 14) | 8 (5, 13) | 10 (6, 14) | 0.125 |
Antibiotic therapy | 648 | 246 (56%) | 138 (65%) | 384 (59%) | 0.086 |
PICU LOS (d), median(IQR) | 702 | 5.0 (3.0, 8.0) | 4.0 (3.0, 7.0) | 4.0 (3.0, 7.0) | 0.373 |
Mortality | 702 | 0 (0%) | 2 (0.8%) | 2 (0.3%) | 0.260 |