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Table 1 Characteristics of the sample by period

From: Severe bronchiolitis before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective database analysis by the Italian Network of PICU study group (TIPNet)

Characteristic

N

Pre COVID, N = 451

Post COVID, N = 251

Overall, N = 702

p-value

Large center

 

246 (55%)

127 (51%)

373 (53%)

0.300

Gender (M)

702

234 (52%)

147 (59%)

381 (54%)

0.144

Age (d), median (IQR)

702

55 (33, 125)

73 (40, 178)

62 (34, 142)

0.039

Ethnicity

702

   

0.236

 Caucasian

 

343 (76%)

180 (72%)

523 (75%)

 

 Arabic

 

55 (12%)

29 (12%)

84 (12%)

 

 African

 

20 (4.4%)

17 (6.8%)

37 (5.3%)

 

 Asiatic

 

22 (4.9%)

12 (4.8%)

34 (4.8%)

 

 Hispanic

 

8 (1.8%)

6 (2.4%)

14 (2.0%)

 

 Mixed ethnicity

 

3 (0.7%)

6 (2.4%)

9 (1.3%)

 

 Afro-American

 

0 (0%)

1 (0.4%)

1 (0.1%)

 

Weight (kg), median(IQR)

700

4.60 (3.70, 6.30)

5.00 (4.00, 6.95)

4.80 (3.80, 6.50)

0.056

Comorbidities

702

59 (13%)

52 (21%)

111 (16%)

0.039

 Ex-premature

702

61 (14%)

20 (8.0%)

81 (12%)

0.056

 Respiratory

702

18 (4%)

13 (5.2%)

31 (4.4%)

0.5

 Cardiac

702

17 (3.8%)

9 (3.6%)

26 (3.7%)

 > 0.9

 Neurologic

702

17 (3.8%)

5 (2.0%)

22 (3.1%)

0.2

 Syndromic

702

13 (2.9%)

9 (3.6%)

22 (3.1%)

0.6

PIM 3 score (%), median (IQR)

673

0.46 (0.37, 0.62)

0.52 (0.38, 0.67)

0.48 (0.37, 0.63)

0.046

FiO2 at admission, median(IQR)

394

0.35 (0.30, 0.40)

0.40 (0.30, 0.45)

0.40 (0.30, 0.40)

0.052

Lactates at admission (mmol/L) median(IQR)

297

1.40 (1.00, 2.12)

1.38 (0.90, 2.20)

1.40 (1.00, 2.20)

0.325

RSV cases

538

287 (84%)

155 (79%)

442 (82%)

0.465

Sepsis

538

1 (0.2%)

3 (1%)

4 (1%)

0.187

Bacterial infection

538

16 (5%)

21 (11%)

37 (7%)

0.800

Co-infection (2 microorganisms isolated)

538

33 (10%)

48 (25%)

81 (15%)

0.600

  1. Abbreviations: PIM Pediatric Index of Mortality, FiO2 fraction of inspired oxygen, RSV respiratory syncytial virus. Column N reports the number of records available for each variable. Boldface: significant p-values