Table 6 Data about the drugs commonly used to perform the fascial plane blocks

Posterior trunk

Thoracic erector spinae block (T-ESP)

Lumbar erector spinae block (L-ESP)

Sacral erector spinae block (S-ESP)

Quadratus lumborum block (QL)

0.25%, 0.5% bupivacaine

0.25% levobupivacaine

0.1%, 0.1875%, 0.2%, 0.375%, 0.5% ropivacaine

0.5%, 1% lidocaine, 1% prilocaine

saline solution

Adjuncts: methylprednisolone (40 or 80 mg), dexamethasone 2, 4, 3, 8, 10 mg, triamcinolone (10 or 40 mg)

Volumes: 10–15–20–30 ml

0.2% ropivacaine

1% lidocaine

0.25% levobupivacaine

Adjuncts: dexamethasone 8 mg. methylprednisolone 20 mg

Volumes: 15–25 ml

Anterior trunk

P ectoral nerve blocks (PECS)

Transversus abdominis plane block (TAP)

0.2%, 0.33%, 0.375% ropivacaine

1% lidocaine

0.25% levobupivacaine

0.25%, 0.5% bupivacaine

Adjuncts: dexamethasone 5 or 8 mg, methylprednisolone 20 or 40 mg, clonidine 50 mcg

Volumes: 10–30 ml

0.375%, 0.5%, 1% ropivacaine

1% lidocaine

0.25% bupivacaine

Adjuncts: triamcinolone (40 mg), methylprednisolone (40 or 80 mg), epinephrine,

Volumes: 20–30 ml

Lower extremities

Fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB)

Pericapsular nerve group block (PENG)

Adductor canal block (ACB)

0.5% ropivacaine

Adjuncts: dexamethasone (4 mg)

Volumes: 20–40 ml

0.25% bupivacaine,

0.5% lidocaine

0.5% ropivacaine

Adjuncts: dexamethasone (4 or 8 mg)

Volumes: 15–20 ml

0.25% or 0.5% bupivacaine

1% lidocaine

0.25%, 0.33% levobupivacaine

Adjuncts: methylprednisolone (40 mg),

triamcinolone (10 mg), clonidine (100 mcg)

Volumes: 10–20 ml